Croatian flora

Poland

Hungary

Italy

Lithuania

Bulgaria

Croatia-Osijek

Turkey

Croatia-Zagreb
Name & Conservation status
English name: Christmas rose
Latin name: lat. Helleborus niger, L. ssp. macranthus
In the language of the given country: velecvjetni kukurijek
Conservation status: endemic
Taxonomy
Regnum: Plantae
Phylum: Marchantiophyta
Classis:  
Ordo:  
Familia: Ranunculaceae
Genus: Helleborus
Description • an evergreen plant with dark, leathery, pedate leaves
• carried on stems to 23–30 cm tall
• the large, flat flowers are white, or occasionally pink
• generally found in mountainous areas
• an old legend says it sprouted in the snow from the tears of a young girl who had no gift to give the Christ child in Bethlehem

 
Name & Conservation status
English name: hepatica
Latin name: Hepatica nobilis, Schreber
In the language of the given country: jetrenka
Conservation status: protected
Taxonomy
Regnum: Plantae
Phylum:  
Classis:  
Ordo:  
Familia: Ranunculaceae
Genus:  
Description •bisexual flowers with pink, purple, blue, or white sepals and three green bracts; appear singly on hairy stems from late winter to spring
• butterflies, moths, bees, flies and beetles are known pollinators
• can be found either in deeply shaded deciduous (especially beech) woodland and scrub or grassland in full sun
• hepatica is named from its leaves, which, like the human liver (Greek hepar), have three lobes
• once thought to be an effective treatment for liver disorders
• although poisonous in large doses, the leaves and flowers may be used  as an astringent, as a demulcent for slow-healing injuries, and as a diuretic

 
Name & Conservation status
English name: yew
Latin name: Taxus baccata, L.
In the language of the given country: tisa
Conservation status: VU - Vulnerable

Taxonomy
Regnum: Plantae
Phylum: Pinophyta
Classis: Pinopsida
Ordo: Pinales
Familia: Taxaceae
Genus: Taxus
Description • a small- to medium-sized evergreen tree, growing 10–20 metres tall, with a trunk up to 2 metres
• the bark is thin, scaly brown, coming off in small flakes
• the leaves are lanceolate, flat, dark green, 1–4 centimetres long and 2–3 millimetres broad, arranged spirally on the stem
• it’s the longest-living plant in Europe
• most parts of the tree are toxic enabling ingestion and dispersal by birds

 
Name & Conservation status
English name: globeflower
Latin name: Trollius europaeus, L.
In the language of the given country: europska planinθica
Conservation status: NT - Near Threatened
Taxonomy
Regnum: Plantae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Classis: Magnoliopsida
Ordo: Ranunculales
Familia: Ranunculaceae
Genus: Trollius
Description • it grows up to 60 cm high with a bright yellow, globe-shaped flowerup to 3 cm across
• the petaloid sepals hide 5-15 inconspicuous true petals with nectaries
• each flower produces a large number of wrinkled follicles
• the leaves are deeply divided into 3-5 toothed lobes
• it grows in damp ground in shady areas, woodland and scrub, flowering between June and August
• it is slightly poisonous and is purgative when used fresh

 

Name & Conservation status
English name: holly
Latin name: Ilex aquifolium, L.
In the language of the given country: božikovina
Conservation status: VU - Vulnerable
Taxonomy
Regnum: Plantae
Phylum: Angiosperms
Classis: Eudicots
Ordo: Aquifoliales
Familia: Aquifoliaceae
Genus: Ilex
Description a dioecious tree or shrub found in shady areas of forests of oak andin beech hedges
• it can exceed 10 m in height
• usually found as a shrub or a small tree about 6 or 7 feet tall with a straight trunk and pyramidal crown
• it can live 500 years
• the fruits reach the crimson colour typically in October and remain so during the cold months, which makes them a vital food source for forest animals
• they are poisonous for human consumption

 

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